|
Marcus Tullius Tiro (died c. 4 BC) was first a slave, then a freedman of Cicero. He is frequently mentioned in Cicero's letters. After Cicero's death he published his former master's collected works. He also wrote a considerable number of books himself, and possibly invented an early form of shorthand. ==Life== The date of Tiro's birth is uncertain. Jerome dates it to 103 BC,〔Jerome, ''Chronological Tables'' (194.1 )〕 which would make him only a little younger than Cicero. However, he was probably born considerably later than that: Cicero refers to him as an "excellent young man" (''adulescentem probum'') in 50 BC.〔Cicero, ''Letters to Atticus'' (7.2 )〕 It is possible that Tiro was born a slave in Cicero's household in Arpinum and came with his family to Rome. However we do not know for sure that he was a ''verna'' (homegrown slave). Cicero refers to Tiro frequently in his letters. His duties included taking dictation, deciphering Cicero's handwriting and managing his table,〔Cicero, ''Letters to Friends'' (11.22 )〕 as well as his garden〔Cicero, ''Letters to Friends'' (16.20 )〕 and financial affairs.〔Cicero, ''Letters to Friends'' (16.23 ), (16.24 )〕 Cicero remarks on how useful he is to him in his work and studies.〔Cicero, ''Letters to Atticus'' (7.5 )〕 He was freed in 53 BC and accompanied Cicero to Cilicia during Cicero's governorship there, although he was frequently separated from his patron due to poor health, and many of Cicero's letters refer with concern to his illnesses.〔e.g. Cicero, ''Letters to Atticus'' (6.7 ); ''Letters to Friends'' (16.8 ), (16.9 ), (16.10 ), (16.11 ), (16.13 ), (16.15 )〕 After Cicero's death Tiro bought an estate near Puteoli, where Jerome says he died in 4 BC at the age of ninety-nine.〔Cicero, ''Letters to Friends'' (16.21 ); Jerome, ''Chronological Tables'' (194.1 ); William Smith, ''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'' (vol. 3 p. 1182 )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Marcus Tullius Tiro」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|